Abantu abaninzi abakhe banqumame ukuze bacinge ngemali.

Bengacingi ngokuyifumana okanye ngokuyisebenzisa, koko becinga ngokwenene ngokuba iyintoni na nendlela esebenza ngayo.

Sisebenzisa imali yonke imihla, kodwa asifane sibuze ukuba isebenza njani.

Phambi kokuba niqhubeke nifunda, khanithathe umzuzwana nicinge ngale mibuzo mihlanu. Bhalani impendulo emfutshane kumbuzo ngamnye ukuba ninako:

1. Kutheni abantu befuna imali?
2. Yintoni eyenza into ibe yimali?
3. Ngubani onokudala okanye alawule imali eniyisebenzisayo?
4. Kutheni imali eniyisebenzisayo inexabiso?
5. Ngaba imali yenu ithenga umlinganiselo ofanayo wezinto namhlanje nalowo yayiwuthenga ngaphambili?

Zigcineni iimpendulo zenu. Buyelani kuzo ekugqibeleni. Esi sikhokelo sisenokomeleza ezinye zeembono zenu size sitshintshe ezinye.

Njengoko nifunda, qaphelani umahluko phakathi kwenyani noluvo. "Eli phepha lemali lamkelwa ukuhlawula irhafu" yinyani enokuqinisekiswa. "Olu lolona hlobo lwemali lubalaseleyo" sisigqibo esifuna imilinganiselo yokugweba nobungqina.

Esi sikhokelo sisekelwe kwimibuzo emithandathu: kutheni imali ibalulekile, iyintoni na, yintoni enokonakala ngayo, yintoni iBitcoin, ingasetyenziswa njani ngokukhuselekileyo, nokuba yintoni elandelayo.

Senzelwe ukufundisa kuphela. Asiniki ngcebiso ngezemali, ngotyalo-mali, ngezomthetho okanye ngerhafu, yaye asinixeleli ukuba nithenge, nithengise okanye nigcine nantoni na.

Imali sisixhobo sotshintshiselwano.

Akukho mntu ufuna imali ngenxa yayo nje. Siyifuna ngenxa yezinto enokuzithenga. Iphepha lemali lisisiqwenga sephepha nje. Into eyenza libe luncedo kukuba abanye abantu baya kulamkela ukuze basinike izinto esizifunayo ngokwenene, kuba belindele ukuba nabanye baya kulamkela kamva.

Yile nto eyahlula imali kutshintshiselwano lweempahla.

Kwinkqubo yotshintshiselwano lweempahla, ukurhweba kusebenza kuphela xa abantu bobabini befuna oko omnye anako, ngexesha elinye nangemilinganiselo efanelekileyo. Iingcali zoqoqosho zikubiza oku ngokuba kukungqamana kweminqweno yamacala omabini. Ukuba nilima irayisi yaye nifuna izihlangu, umenzi wezihlangu usenokufuna ioli yokupheka, hayi irayisi. Imali iyayisombulula le ngxaki ngokwahlula ukuthengisa ekuthengeni: nithengisa irayisi yenu komnye umntu nize nithenge izihlangu komnye.

Imali idla ngokwenza izinto ezintathu.

Yona sisixhobo sotshintshiselwano: abantu bayayamkela njengentlawulo. Kwakhona, yona yiyunithi yokubala: amaxabiso achazwa ngayo, ngoko sinokuthelekisa ixabiso lezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye yona yindawo yokugcina ixabiso: idlulisela ixabiso lanamhlanje kwixesha elizayo. Akukho mali igcina ixabiso ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zemali ziphulukana namandla okuthenga ngokucotha ngakumbi kunezinye.

Ukutyhubela imbali, izinto ezininzi ziye zasetyenziswa njengemali: amaqokobhe, ityuwa, amaso, imfuyo, ubhedu, isilivere negolide. Izinyithi ezixabisekileyo zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuba zazinqabile, zihlala ixesha elide yaye zamkelwa ngokubanzi. Kodwa ukuthwala nokukhusela izinyithi kunzima, ngoko iibhanki zaqalisa ukukhupha amaxwebhu ephepha awayenokutshintshwa ngesixa sesinyithi esichaziweyo. Phantsi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yomgangatho wegolide, iyunithi yemali yayinxulunyaniswa ngokusemthethweni nesixa esithile segolide. Imithetho yayisahluka ngokwendawo nangokwexesha.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, imali yaqalisa ukuxhomekeka ngakumbi kumaziko nakwizithembiso kunakwizinyithi. Ngo-1971, iUnited States yaphelisa ukutshintshwa ngokusemthethweni kweedola ngegolide ngoorhulumente bamanye amazwe neebhanki ezingoovimba. Namhlanje, iimali ezininzi zamazwe yimali yefiat: imali ekhutshwa phantsi kwegunya likarhulumente, ngokuqhelekileyo ngebhanki enguvimba, engenakutshintshwa ngesixa esimiselweyo segolide okanye sayo nayiphi na enye impahla yorhwebo. Igama elithi fiat lelesiLatini yaye lithetha ukuthi "makwenziwe", nto leyo edla ngokuqondwa njengokuthi "ngomyalelo".

Imali yefiat iyasebenza kuba abantu, amashishini, iibhanki noorhulumente bayayamkela. Imithetho idla ngokuyenza ibe yimali yokuhlawula eyamkelwa ngokusemthethweni ize ifune ukuba isetyenziswe ekuhlawuleni irhafu, yaye abantu bayayifuna kuba wonke umntu obangqongileyo uyayisebenzisa.

Sasuka kwimali exhaswa yinto ethile saya kwimali exhaswa kukuthembela kumntu othile.

Xa abantu besiva igama elithi ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, badla ngokucinga ngamaxabiso anyukayo.

Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kukunyuka okuqhubekayo komgangatho wamaxabiso ngokubanzi. Elinye icala lako ngamandla okuthenga: oko kukuthi, ubungakanani bezinto ezinokuthengwa ngeyunithi yemali. Ukuba ixabiso lebhaskithi yezinto ezisisiseko linyuka lisuka kwiiyunithi zemali eziyi-100 liye kweziyi-110, ezo yunithi ziyi-100 azisakwazi ukuthenga yonke ibhaskithi.

Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunezizathu ezininzi, yaye izazi ngezoqoqosho ziyaxoxa ngokuba ngasinye sinagalelo elingakanani: ukwanda kwemali namatyala, ukuphazamiseka konikezelo lweempahla, utshintsho kwimfuno, ukwehla kwamandla emali, iirhafu, neendleko zemveliso. Esinye isizathu sifanele siqwalaselwe kuba sisigqibo esithathwayo, kungekhona into eyenzeka ngengozi: kwinkqubo yemali yefiat, amaziko ambalwa anokwandisa ubungakanani bemali namatyala aze atshintshe imithetho yaloo nkqubo.

Cingani ngento eyenza into ethile ixabiseke.

Umzobo wokuqala weMona Lisa uxabiseke ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na ikopi yawo, kungekhona kuba ukhangeleka ubhetele, kodwa kuba ukho mnye kuphela. Ukunqaba kwento kukodwa akuyenzi ixabiseke, kodwa xa abantu befuna into ethile, ubungakanani obukhoyo bayo bubalulekile.

Xa ubungakanani bemali busanda ngokukhawuleza kunobungakanani bezinto enokuzithenga, iyunithi nganye idla ngokuthenga okuncinane.

Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso akuchaphazeli wonke umntu ngokulinganayo. Umntu ogcina ubutyebi bakhe ubukhulu becala njengemali ezinkozo okanye imali ayongileyo usenokuphulukana namandla okuthenga. Umntu onee-asethi ezinyuka ngexabiso usenokukhuseleka ngokuyinxenye. Imivuzo namaxabiso nazo zitshintsha ngezantya ezahlukileyo.

Imali ekwiakhawunti yenu yebhanki nayo yahlukile kwimali ezinkozo eniyiphetheyo. Ibhanki ayigcini yonke imali efakiweyo njengemali ezinkozo: ibolekisa ize ityale uninzi lwayo. Ibhalansi yeakhawunti yebhanki sisithembiso sebhanki sokunihlawula. Eso sithembiso sidla ngokuzalisekiswa, kodwa oko kuxhomekeke kwibhanki nakwimithetho eyilawulayo.

Kuzameni: ukuhlola amandla okuthenga

Khethani into enye eqhelekileyo ekuhlaleni kwenu, njengesonka, isithuthi sokuhamba, okanye i-airtime yefowuni. Bhalani phantsi ixabiso layo lanamhlanje. Buzani umntu ukuba yayixabisa malini kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo, nize nijonge ingxelo ethembekileyo ukuba ninako. Ngaba ingeniso yenyuka ngesantya esifanayo? Yintoni enye enokuchaza olo tshintsho?

Akukho nanye kwezi zinto ethetha ukuba imali yefiat ayisebenzi. Yenza kube lula ukuhlawula, ibonelela ngeendlela zokuboleka imali ezibhetyebhetye, nangezixhobo zokujongana neentlekele. Kodwa oko kubhetyebhetye kukwadala umngcipheko: ubungakanani bayo nemithetho yayo zinokutshintsha, yaye abantu abayisebenzisayo abanalo ilizwi elikhulu kwezo zigqibo.

Yiloo nto abantu bekhangela ezinye iindlela, neyabangela ukuba kudalwe iBitcoin.

Ngaphambi kweBitcoin, ukuthumela imali kwi-intanethi kwakusoloko kuxhomekeke kumbutho othenjiweyo: ibhanki okanye inkampani yeentlawulo eyayigcina incwadi yeerekhodi zemali, ivume iiakhawunti, yaye yayinokulibazisa, ithintele okanye irhoxise intlawulo. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, iingcali zenzululwazi yeekhompyutha zazama ukwenza imali yedijithali engenagunya linye liyikhuphayo. Eyona nto yayinzima yayikukuba kulula ukukopa ulwazi lwedijithali. Ukuba ingqekembe yedijithali yayinokukotshwa ize isetyenziswe kabini, yayingenakusebenza njengemali. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yingxaki yokuchitha imali enye kabini.

Ngomhla wama-31 kuOktobha 2008, umntu okanye iqela elalisebenzisa igama elithi Satoshi Nakamoto lapapasha uxwebhu oluchaza isisombululo: Bitcoin: Inkqubo Yemali Ye-elektroniki Ethunyelwa Ngokuthe Ngqo Phakathi Kwabantu. Inethiwekhi yaqala ngoJanuwari 2009.

Bitcoin yimali yedijithali enolawulo olusasaziweyo, ibe nonikezelo olulinganiselweyo, kwaye inokuthunyelwa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwabantu ngaphandle kwemvume yebhanki.

Ukuba nolawulo olusasaziweyo kuthetha ukuba akukho ofisi esembindini enokwenza iiakhawunti, itshintshe imali eseleyo kuzo, okanye ivume ukuba ngubani ojoyinayo. Nabani na unokukhuphela aze ahlole isoftware enekhowudi evulelekileyo, yaye iikhompyutha ezininzi ezizimeleyo zigcina ikopi yerekhodi. Oku akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu unempembelelo elinganayo. Kuthetha ukuba akukho mthathi-nxaxheba omnye onokutshintsha incwadi yeerekhodi zemali okanye imithetho yemali yomntu wonke.

Ukuba nonikezelo olulinganiselweyo kuthetha ukuba akusayi kuze kubekho ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-21 ze-bitcoin. Ii-bitcoin ezintsha zikhutshwa ngokweshedyuli eyaziwa luluntu, yaye iikhompyutha ezizimeleyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziinodi ziyala nayiphi na ibhloko eyaphula loo mthetho. Lo mda uyathembeka kuba nabani na unokuwuqinisekisa. Noko ke, awungomthetho wendalo: uhlala usebenza kuba abathathi-nxaxheba beqhubeka bewunyanzelisa. Yaye unikezelo olulinganiselweyo aluqinisekisi ukuba ixabiso liza kunyuka. Ixabiso lixhomekeke kwimfuno nakunikezelo.

Ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwabantu kuthetha ukuba ningathumela i-bitcoin kuye nabani na, naphi na, ngaphandle kokuvula iakhawunti kwinethiwekhi yeBitcoin okanye nicele imvume kwigunya elisembindini. Akukho nkampani inokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-bitcoin eniyilawulayo ngokwenu. Kwelinye icala laloo nkululeko kukho uxanduva: ngokuqhelekileyo akunakwenzeka ukurhoxisa intengiselwano esemthethweni, yaye akukho ziko loncedo lenethiwekhi.

Enye ingcamango ephosakeleyo yeyokuba Bitcoin ayifikeleleki kuba i-bitcoin enye iyabiza. Akuyomfuneko ukuba nithenge okanye nisebenzise i-bitcoin epheleleyo. I-bitcoin enye yahlulahlulwa ibe ziiyunithi ezincinane ezili-100 000 000 ezibizwa ngokuba zii-satoshi, okanye ii-sat. Ukuba nee-sat ezili-100 000 nokuba ne-bitcoin eyi-0,001 kuchaza isixa esifanayo.

Inethiwekhi ixhomekeke kubathathi-nxaxheba abohlukeneyo: abasebenzisi abathumela, bamkele baze bagcine i-bitcoin; iinodi ezihlola yonke intengiselwano nebhloko ukuba iyahambelana na nemithetho; kunye nabasebenzi basemgodini abakhuphisanayo ukongeza ibhloko entsha kwirekhodi malunga nemizuzu elishumi nganye. Loo rekhodi, ebizwa ngokuba yityathanga leebhloko, yeyoluntu yaye ibonakala kuye nabani na, kwaye kubiza kakhulu ukuyibhala ngokutsha.

Inqaku malunga nopelo: Bitcoin eno-B omkhulu idla ngokuthetha inethiwekhi okanye inkqubo. bitcoin eno-b omncinane ithetha imali ngokwayo.

Bitcoin ikwanazo izinto ekufuneka nizincamile ukuze nifumane iinzuzo zayo. Ixabiso layo linokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Iimpazamo zidla ngokuba zezisisigxina. Ukwamkelwa kwayo kusalinganiselwe kwiindawo ezininzi, yaye ukuyisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo kufuna ukufunda okuthile. Bitcoin ithabathelisa inxalenye yokuthembela kumaziko ngokuqinisekisa nangokuthwala uxanduva lomntu ngamnye. Ayiwususi umngcipheko.

Le walethi yeBitcoin sisixhobo, ngokuqhelekileyo esiyi-app, esinivumela ukuba namkele, nijonge, nize nithumele i-bitcoin. I-bitcoin yenu ayigcinwanga ngaphakathi kwifowuni yenu: ibhalwe kwi-blockchain. Iwalethi ilawula izitshixo ezinivumela ukuba ningqine ukuba yeyenu nize nigunyazise intlawulo.

Ngoko umbuzo wokuqala ngayo nayiphi na iwalethi ngulo: ngubani olawula izitshixo?

Ngubani kanye kanye ogcina i-bitcoin yenu?

Xa nisebenzisa iwalethi enizigcinela ngokwenu izitshixo zayo, nini abalawula izitshixo.

Xa niyiseta, inibonisa ibinzana lembewu (elikwabizwa ngokuba libinzana lokubuyisela): uluhlu lwamagama alandelelaniswe ngendlela ethile, adla ngokuba li-12 okanye angama-24. Linokuphinda lenze izitshixo zenu kwesinye isixhobo. Nabani na onalo unokuthatha i-bitcoin yenu. Ibinzana lembewu aliyondlela yokugcina ikopi yogcino kuphela: linika ufikelelo olupheleleyo.

Likhuseleni:

• libhaleni ngokuchanekileyo ephepheni xa nisenza iwalethi;
• ligcineni lingekho kwi-intanethi, liyimfihlo, nakwindawo elingayi kulahleka okanye lonakale kuyo;
• ningaze nilifote, nilithumele nge-imeyile, niligcine kumanqaku agcinwe efini, okanye nilithumele kumyalezo;
• ningaze nilichwetheze kwiwebhusayithi.

Ukuba nilahlekelwa libinzana lenu lembewu kunye nesixhobo senu, akukho mntu unokunibuyisela i-bitcoin yenu.

Xa nisebenzisa iwalethi enezitshixo ezigcinwa yinkampani, inkampani inigcinela izitshixo, ngendlela efana neyebhanki. Ibhalansi yenu sisithembiso senkampani sokunihlawula. Indlela yokuyiseta iqhelekile yaye nisenokufumana inkxaso, kodwa nixhomekeke kuloo nkampani: inokumisela imida ekutsaleni imali, imise ukusetyenziswa kweakhawunti, ihlaselwe ngabarhwaphilizi beekhompyutha, okanye ivale.

Ibinzana eliluncedo kwihlabathi leBitcoin: ukuba izitshixo ayizozenu, iingqekembe ayizozenu. Ukukhetha indlela yokugcina izitshixo akulovavanyo lokufaneleka kwenu. Okubalulekileyo kukwazi ukuba nisebenzisa oluphi uhlobo nokuba yintoni eniyithembileyo.

I-My First Bitcoin ayicebisi ziwalethi zithile. Izixhobo, imirhumo nabanini ziyatshintsha, yaye oko kulungele olunye uluntu kusenokungalulungeli olunye. Buzani utitshala omthembileyo ukuba abantu basekuhlaleni basebenzisa ntoni, nize nizihlolele la manqaku ngaphambi kokusebenzisa nayiphi na iwalethi:

• Izitshixo: ngubani olawula izitshixo, nini okanye yinkampani?
• Ukubuyisela: kwenzeka ntoni xa ifowuni yenu ilahlekile okanye inkampani ingasekho?
• Umthombo: niyikhuphele kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni okanye kwiphepha layo kwivenkile yee-app, kungekhona kwikhonkco enilithunyelelwe ngomnye umntu?
• Ikhowudi: ingaba ikhowudi yayo ivulelekile yaye ihlaziywa rhoqo? (Ukuvuleka kwekhowudi kuphela akungqini ukuba isixhobo sikhuselekile.)
• Iindleko: yeyiphi imirhumo ehlawulwayo xa kuthunyelwa, kusamkelwa, okanye kutsalwa imali?
• Iintlawulo: ingaba iyazixhasa iintlawulo enizifunayo, ezenziwa kwi-blockchain okanye nge-Lightning?

I-Bitcoin ineendlela ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zokuhlawula. Kwi-blockchain iintlawulo zirekhodwa ngqo kwi-blockchain. I-Lightning yinethiwekhi yeentlawulo eyakhelwe phezu kwe-Bitcoin ukwenzela iintlawulo ezikhawulezayo, ezincinci nezenziwa rhoqo, njengokuthenga ikofu. Isipaji se-Lightning naso sinokugcinelwa omnye umntu okanye silawulwe ngumnini waso.

Imithetho emithathu iya kunigcina nikhuselekile ngoxa nifunda:

1. Fundani kuqala. Musani ukwenza izinto ngenxa yemincili, uloyiko okanye uxinzelelo.
2. Qalani ngemali encinci. Zamani izixhobo eningaziqhelanga ngemali eninokukwazi ukumelana nokulahlekelwa yiyo.
3. Musani Ukuthemba, Qinisekisani. Jongani umntu, indlela yokuhlawula, idilesi nemali ngaphambi kokuba nigunyazise intlawulo.

Yabelanani ngeenkcukacha zokwamkela imali, ningaze nabelane ngeemfihlo. Idilesi okanye isicelo sentlawulo sinokwabelwana ngaso. Ibinzana lembewu okanye isitshixo sabucala masingaze kwabelwane ngaso. Akukho titshala, nkampani yezipaji okanye msebenzi wenkxaso osemthethweni oya kuze acele loo nkcazelo.

Yekani ukuba umntu wenza ngathi kufuneka nikhawuleze okanye nigcine imfihlo, uthembisa imbuyekezo eqinisekisiweyo, unicela ukuba nithumele i-bitcoin kuqala, okanye ucela ibinzana lenu lembewu. Nqumamani. Musani ukwabelana nangantoni na. Musani ukuthumela nantoni na. Emva koko qinisekisani ngomthombo enisele niwazi.

Imali ixhomekeke kwimithetho nasekuthembaneni

Imali ye-fiat yenza kube lula ukuhlawula, kodwa ubungakanani bayo nemithetho yayo zimiselwa linani elincinci lamaziko, yaye amandla ayo okuthenga anokuhla ekuhambeni kwexesha.

IBitcoin ibonelela ngemithetho eyahlukileyo

Ukususela ngo-2009, iBitcoin ibonelele ngemali enobungakanani obaziwa luluntu nobulinganiselweyo, efumaneka kuye nabani na, nenokuqinisekiswa endaweni yokuyithemba nje. Ikwanazo nezinto ezifuna ukuqwalaselwa: ukuguquguquka kwexabiso, iimpazamo ezingenakulungiswa, noxanduva lomntu ngamnye.

Ukhuseleko luza kuqala

Fundani kuqala, qalani kancinci, nize niqinisekise yonke into. Ningaze nabelane nabani na ngebinzana lenu lembewu. Akuyomfuneko ukuba nenze yonke into ngaxeshanye: inyathelo elinye elilandelayo nelikhuselekileyo lanele.

Esi sisiqalo nje

Buyelani kwimibuzo emihlanu esekuqaleni. Beninokuphendula nithini ngoku?

Le Diploma yeBitcoin linyathelo elilandelayo. Iimodyuli zayo ezine zinisa phambili, ukusuka ekuqondeni imali, ukuya kwindlela esebenza ngayo iBitcoin, ukuya ekusebenziseni iBitcoin ngokukhuselekileyo, ukuya kwiBitcoin ekuhlaleni kwenu. Hlalani ninomdla wokwazi, qhubekani nibuza imibuzo, nize nifunde ngakumbi ku- myfirstbitcoin.org.